Which method of thawing food is considered safe?

Thawing food in the refrigerator is considered safe because it allows the food to thaw at a controlled and consistent temperature, which should be at or below 40°F (4°C). This temperature range is critical because it minimizes the risk of bacterial growth, as pathogens thrive in warmer environments. Thawing in the refrigerator also allows for the food to be kept at a safe temperature until it's ready to be cooked or consumed.

Other methods, such as thawing at room temperature or using hot running water, can lead to parts of the food reaching temperatures that promote bacteria growth, making them unsafe for food preparation. Thawing in a sink filled with ice can be unsafe as well since it may not uniformly surround the food, potentially allowing some areas to remain at unsafe temperatures for too long. Using the refrigerator is thus the most reliable method to ensure food safety during the thawing process.