What is an allergen?

An allergen is defined as a substance that can cause an allergic reaction in sensitive individuals. Allergens can be found in various foods, medications, environmental factors, and even in certain materials. When a person who is allergic to a specific substance comes into contact with that allergen, their immune system may react strongly by producing antibodies and releasing chemicals like histamine, leading to symptoms that can range from mild (like hives or swelling) to severe (such as anaphylaxis). Understanding what allergens are is crucial in food handling and preparation, particularly in environments like restaurants or food service, where cross-contamination can occur.

The other options do not accurately describe what an allergen is. Some of them relate to food and cooking but do not address the specific definition of allergens as agents that provoke an allergic response.